The protective role of vitamin E against teratogenic effects of nicotine on embryonic bone development

Aim: According to World Health Organization data, around 1.5 billion people in the world use tobacco products. Nicotine, most common of tobacco, is main psychoactive substance that causes addiction. Exposure nicotine during pregnancy increases risk low placenta weight, stillbirth, congenital heart disease, musculoskeletal defect. Antioxidants are used protect against teratogenic substances such as nicotine. The purpose study was determine skeletal system malformations caused by (3 mg/kg) and high (6 doses embryonic bone evolution using double staining method protector role vitamin E preventing these malformations.Material Method: rats were divided into 6 groups: control, low-dose nicotine, high-dose nicotine+vitamin E, E. development fetuses examined skeleton method. anterior posterior extremity images under stereomicroscope then through photographing total length, ossification length rate calculated ImageJ program. Results: There an important decline (p<0.05) measurements front hind extremities, while it found treatment groups approached control group (p<0.05). Conclusion: It concluded being delayed which antioxidant, may be protective opposite effect on bone.